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A perforated ulcer, is a condition where an untreated ulcer can burn through the wall of the stomach (or other areas of the gastrointestinal tract), allowing digestive juices and food to leach into the abdominal cavity. Treatment generally requires immediate surgery.〔(Stomach ulcer - Better Health Channel )〕 The ulcer is known initially as a peptic ulcer before the ulcer burns through the full thickness of the stomach or duodenal wall. A diagnosis is made by taking an erect abdominal/chest X-ray (seeking air under the diaphragm). This is in fact one of the very few occasions in modern times where surgery is undertaken to treat an ulcer.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Peptic ulcers - treatment )〕 Many of the perforated ulcers have been attributed to the bacterium ''Helicobacter pylori''.〔(Surgical-tutor.org.uk - a free online surgical resource )〕 The incidence of perforated ulcer is steadily declining, though there are still incidents where it occurs. Causes include smoking and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).〔 A perforated ulcer can be grouped into a stercoral perforation which involves a number of different things that causes perforation of the intestine wall. == Notable victims == * Philip Agee (1935–2008, aged 72) had a perforated ulcer and died on January 7, 2008. * Albert Blithe (1923–1967, aged 44) had a perforated ulcer and died on December 17, 1967. * Barbara Bush (born 1925) was treated for a perforated ulcer in November 2008.〔(Barbara Bush hospitalized )〕 * Gene Clark (1944-1991, aged 46) had perforated ulcer and died on May 24, 1991. * Ian Hendry (1931—1984, aged 53) died of a stomach haemorrhage in London, aged 53. * Doug Hepburn (1926–2000, aged 74) had a perforated ulcer and died on November 22, 2000. * James Joyce (1882–1941, aged 58) had a perforated ulcer and died on January 13, 1941, in Zürich. * Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936, aged 70) died of perforated duodenal ulcer on 18 January 1936. * Richard Pankhurst (1834–1897) had a perforated ulcer and died in 1897. * Charlie Parker (1920–1955, aged 35) had a perforated ulcer, and died on March 12, 1955. * Thomas Preston (1860–1900) had a perforated ulcer and died in 1900.〔(The Theory of Heat )〕 * J. R. R. Tolkien (1892–1973, aged 81) had a perforated ulcer and died on September 2, 1973. * Rudolph Valentino (1895–1926, aged 31) had a perforated ulcer and died on August 23, 1926. * Gene Vincent (1935–1971, aged 36) had a ruptured stomach ulcer and died on October 12, 1971.〔Gene Vincent〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Perforated ulcer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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